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  • Metoprolol is a beta-blocker used to treat certain heart rhythm problems and hypertension (high blood pressure) in cats and dogs. It has also been used in the treatment of hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCM) in cats. It is used off label (extra label) in veterinary medicine.

  • Miconazole + chlorhexidine + tris-EDTA topical (brand name MiconaHex+Triz®) is an antifungal and antimicrobial cleansing agent used in the treatment of surface skin infections and to enhance the effectiveness of other topical antibiotics in cats and dogs. It comes in spray, mousse, shampoo, and wipe forms.

  • Isoflupredone combinations topical are combination medications containing isoflupredone (a corticosteroid) and other medications. Isoflupredone may be compounded with an antibiotic, a local anesthetic, or other medications to treat surface skin conditions where use of a steroid combination product is indicated. Its use may off label (extra label) depending on the species, condition(s) being treated, and formulation. Isoflupredone combinations topical come in powder and ointment forms, often specially compounded.

  • Lactated Ringer’s solution (also known as LRS, Ringer’s Lactate) is a fluid and electrolyte (salts) replacement solution used to correct fluid and electrolyte imbalances in cats, dogs, birds, pocket pets (small mammals), and other animals. Lactated Ringer’s solution comes in injectable form, usually given subcutaneously for at home administration.

  • Diphenhydramine topical (brand name Benasoothe®) is an antihistamine with some local anesthetic properties. It is used to relieve itching and skin irritation in dogs, cats, and other animals. Diphenhydramine topical comes in a variety of forms, which may be specially compounded.

  • Furosemide is given by mouth or injection and is used on and off label to treat many conditions, including congestive heart failure and fluid retention. Common side effects include increased urination, diarrhea, or constipation. Do not use in pets that are allergic to it or in those that are unable to make urine.

  • Dexamethasone Otic is a steroid medication used in pets to treat topical inflammation of the ears, often with other medications such as antibiotics. It comes as a liquid solution that is prescribed for topical use within a pet’s ear canal. There are no veterinary brands of dexamethasone otic.

  • Clindamycin topical (brand names ClinzGard®, others) is an antimicrobial used to treat bacterial skin infections, acne, anal sac abscesses, and other wounds in cats and dogs. Clindamycin topical comes in variety of forms.

  • Cloxacillin is given by mouth and is used off label to treat certain bacterial infections, most commonly staphylococcal infections. Common side effects include gastrointestinal upset such as vomiting and diarrhea. Do not use in pets that have an allergy to penicillins or cephalosporins.

  • Procainamide (brand names Pronestyl®, Biocoryl®, Procan®, Procanbid®) is an antiarrhythmic drug used off label (extra label) in dogs and horses to treat abnormal heart rhythms such as atrial fibrillation, ventricular premature complexes, and ventricular tachycardia.